CASE SUMMARY
On December 29, 2021, the Arkansas State Conference of the NAACP and an Arkansas non-profit filed a federal lawsuit against the State of Arkansas, the Arkansas Board of Apportionment, and the State’s Governor, Secretary of State, and Attorney General challenging the Board’s state House redistricting plan as diluting Black voters’ voting strength in violation of Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act (“VRA”). They sought a judicial declaration that the plan violated the VRA and an injunction barring the plan, or any other unlawful plan, from being used in future elections.
- On February 17, 2022, the district court held that it lacked jurisdiction to hear the plaintiffs’ claims on the grounds that Section 2 of the VRA did not provide a cause of action for private citizens to enforce its requirements. Rather than dismiss the suit, the court gave the U.S. Attorney General 5 days to decide whether to join the case as a plaintiff.
- On February 22, 2022, the United States informed the court it would not be joining the case. That same day, the court dismissed the case and on February 23, 2022, the plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.
- Oral arguments before the 8th Circuit were held on January 11, 2023. The court issued an opinion on November 20, 2023, affirmed the district court.
- On January 30, 2024, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals declined to rehear the case en banc.
- Plaintiffs originally filed a notice of Appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, but ultimately elected not to appeal.
CASE LIBRARY
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Central Division - No. 4:21-cv-1239
- Complaint - 12/29/21
- Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction and Request for Expedited Briefing and Consideration - 12/29/21
- Memorandum of Law in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction - 12/29/21
- Plaintiffs' Motion for Recusal - 12/31/21
- Plaintiffs' Brief in Support of Their Motion for Recusal - 12/31/21
- Motion for Extension of Time - 12/31/21
- Plaintiffs' Response in Opposition to the Defendants' Motion for an Extension - 1/3/22
- Defendants' Response in Opposition to the Plaintiffs' Motion for Recusal - 1/4/22
- Plaintiffs' Motion for Leave to File a Reply in Support of Their Motion for Recusal - 1/5/22
- Plaintiffs' Reply in Support of Their Motion for Recusal - 1/5/22
- Order Denying Motion for Recusal - 1/5/22
- Order - 1/10/22
- Defendants' Agreed Motion to Extend Responsive Pleading Deadline - 1/12/22
- Plaintiffs' Motion for Judicial Notice of Census Data - 1/19/22
- Response in Opposition to Motion for Preliminary Injunction - 1/19/22
- Order - 1/20/22
- Declaration of Bill Kopsky on Behalf of The Arkansas Public Policy Panel - 1/20/22
- Declaration of Barry Jefferson on Behalf of The Arkansas State Conference NAACP - 1/20/22
- Motion to Quash Constitutional-Officer Subpoenas and for Expedited Consideration - 1/21/21
- Brief in Support of Motion to Quash Constitutional-Officer Subpoenas and for Expedited Consideration - 1/21/22
- Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Quash Constitutional-Officer Subpoenas - 1/24/22
- Reply in Support of Motion to Quash Constitutional-Officer Subpoenas - 1/25/22
- Reply Memorandum of Law in Support of Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction - 1/26/22
- Statement of Interest of the United States - 1/28/22
- Response to Motion for Order Taking Judicial Notice of Census Data - 1/29/22
- Order Granting Motion to Quash - 1/31/22
- Defendants' Surreply in Opposition to Plaintiffs' Motion for a Preliminary Injunction - 1/31/22
- Supplemental Declaration of Josh Bridges - 1/31/22
- Motion to Quash Eleventh-Hour Subpoenas and for Expedited Consideration - 2/1/22
- Brief in Support of Motion to Quash Eleventh-Hour Subpoenas - 2/1/22
- Joint Stipulations - 2/2/22
- Plaintiffs' Witness List - 2/8/22
- Plaintiffs' Exhibit List - 2/8/22
- Defendants' Witness List - 2/8/22
- Defendants' Exhibit List - 2/8/22
- Court's Exhibit List - 2/8/22
- Order - 2/17/22
- Notice by the United States - 2/22/22
- Judgment - 2/22/22
- Notice of Appeal - 2/23/22
- Order - 1/30/24
- Mandate - 2/7/24
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit - No. 22-1395
- Appeal Briefing Scheduling Order - 2/24/22
- Designation of Record - 3/10/22
- Plaintiffs-Appellants' Statement of Issues - 3/10/22
- Brief of Plaintiffs-Appellants - 4/18/22
- Plaintiffs-Appellants' Addendum - 4/18/22
- Brief of the United States as Amicus Curiae in Support of Plaintiffs-Appellants and Urging Reversal - 4/22/22
- Brief of Amici Curiae Former Department of Justice Attorneys in Support of Plaintiffs-Appellants - 4/25/22
- Brief of Amicus Curiae Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law in Support of Plaintiffs-Appellants and Urging Reversal - 4/26/22
- Brief of Bipartisan Group of Supporters of the 1982 Voting Rights Act Amendments as Amici Curiae in Support of Plaintiffs and Reversal - 4/26/22
- Defendants-Appellees' Brief - 6/9/22
- Amicus Brief of Honest Elections Project in Support of Appellees & Affirmance - 6/15/22
- Plaintiffs-Appellants' Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time to File Reply Brief - 6/15/22
- Order - 6/15/22
- Amicus Brief of Senator Tom Cotton in Support of Appellees and Affirmance - 6/16/22
- Amicus Brief for the States of Texas, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Utah in Support of Defendants-Appellees and Affirmance - 6/17/22
- Reply Brief of Plaintiffs-Appellants - 7/15/22
- Defendants' Letter Response to the Plaintiffs' Letter - 10/10/22
- Motion for the United States as Amicus Curiae to Participate in Oral Argument - 11/16/22
- Unopposed Motion for Continuance of Oral Argument - 12/8/22
- Order - 12/9/22
- Appellants' Submission of Supplemental Authority - 4/24/23
- United States' Notice of Supplemental Authority - 6/9/23
- ACLU's Notice of Supplemental Authority - 6/9/23
- State of Arkansas' Response to Notices of Supplemental Authority - 6/13/23
- ACLU's Notice of Supplemental Authority - 11/15/23
- State of Arkansas' Response to ACLU's Notice of Supplemental Authority - 11/16/23
- Opinion - 11/20/23
- Judgment - 11/20/23
- Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time - 11/29/23
- Order - 11/30/23
- Petition for Rehearing and/or for Rehearing En Banc - 12/11/23
- Order - 12/13/23
- ACLU's Notice of Supplemental Authority - 12/18/23
- Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Brief of Amici Curiae Local Governments and Leaders in Support of Request for Rehearing En Banc - 12/18/23
- Motion of Minnesota Secretary of State for Leave to Participate as an Amicus Curiae and File a Brief Supporting Appellants' Petition - 12/18/23
- [Proposed] Brief of Amici Curiae Local Governments and Leaders in Support of Petition for Rehearing En Banc - 12/21/23
- Brief of Amicus Curiae Minnesota Secretary of State in Support of Appellants and Rehearing - 12/21/23
- Order - 12/21/23
- Defendants-Appellees' Response to Petition for Rehearing - 12/26/23
- Order - 1/30/24
- Mandate - 2/7/24
Supreme Court of the United States - No. 23A929